War thunder crew skill priority planes. From most important to least, but still important: targeting, reloading, field repair, vitality, agility. War thunder crew skill priority planes

 
From most important to least, but still important: targeting, reloading, field repair, vitality, agilityWar thunder crew skill priority planes  Note that not all tanks have five crew members

69 "Regia Aeronautica" alongside the initial Italian aviation tree. 1 can be equipped with a variety of ordnance, including SRAAMs, bombs, and rockets. The M1128 utilizes welded steel armour, with a layer of ceramic applique armour bolted to the exterior as standard. However if you get 100 crew xp points while flying a plane but don't spend them then they can be used on tank skills instead. uncl3mar1k • 3 yr. I try to get all my repair tanks to 4-5 quickly. Pilot, Defensive armament, Logistical services. Kill / Death ratio 1. It excels at low-altitude combat, where it can use its VTOL capabilities to surprise enemies. The production F3D-1 received a few changes such as better engines (J-34-WE-34) and gained around 5,000 lbs (2,267 kg) in weight. • 10 yr. Join the Discord! come to the Kaiju Club: the channel? Well. Specifically to Air Realistic Battles. The first stage would be "Expert" which adds 3 point to every crew skill for the cost of several Silver Lions . 4. Other skills can wait. Dont keep adding random vehicles to random slots, always have air slots and tank slots seperate and youll get all. Pilot, Defensive armament, Logistical services. All trademarks, logos and brand names are the property of their respective owners. Keen Vision 9. To be fair, for vitality to be useful you have to be at the wrong end of a gun. At which point you've already done something wrong. Download the Free Golden Eagles app: my code "dqxuw" to get 10 Golden Eagles instantly!Welcome to another War Thunder guide! In t. In terms of Phly that was realistic, i didn't even know he played arcade. Related: Best Action-Adventure Games, RankedThen, if you play multiple nations, you can also repair some vehicles for free on a longer schedule. I find the skill level of players to be somewhat consistent on Ground RB matches and you don't start facing really highly skilled and experienced players until around 8. Gunpod union! 109-f4 is the best flying 109, though later ones hit harder. 7 (AB/RB) and 2. The lowest number nest to the skill means that skill is a priority. It was introduced in Update 1. While far stronger than its earlier iteration, it also faces much stronger. mainly gunner if you play the ah1's. Frags per battle 2. - use 4 crews for different ground vehicles so I can focus on their ground skills, - use the remaining 3 crew slots for sea. I did these first and it helped me a lot. In 1. Im pretty sure he wants to change crew position. Hardened by. May 24, 2022 @ 1:54am. Much like tank crew skills, these increase the general performance of your vehicle. but I've recently started playing tanks seriously and I'm not sure how to split it. BY: Michał Kalinowski. The G. 0 (as of 2021) with the use of Decimalisation each BR increases by going :- 1. Also note that if you have automatic repairs off, the repair rank counts for planes as well as ground vehicles in that crew slot. In War Thunder, you’ve got a few skills to add to the crew of the plane that you’re flying. I mean really, try to ambush or stay far and retreat in cover after your shots. It's very very difficult to have an automated system understand the context between an accident and an intentional TK. • 3 yr. War Thunder MMO Action game Gaming. G-Tolerance - (Max 5620). So i was wondering, what would be the most efficient way to spend points on crew skills? I've been told dumping points into their respective skills such as Driving/reloading etc and then on repair speed is the best bet. I dislike the ability to grant yourself an obscene advantage over players that either don’t have the time, or money to achieve the same experience. But if you just fly circles in the sky, you'll get less. Crew Skills are a way to improve crew performance and effectiveness, being for pilots, gunners, drivers, tank gunners, ship captains, radiomen, airfield/hangar/port mechanics, and more. Playing arcade surprisingly iirc. Your hanger, Plane research & Crew slots. Though the update numbering has been dropped since Update "Starfighters", the game version is. RB and SB (regardless of air, ground or naval battles) For every 100 RP you earn with a vehicle you get 1 crew point. War Thunder > General Discussions > Topic Details. hi guys, been trying to find a guide on where to allocate bombers crew skills and all the guides seem to be outdated. 0, and this pattern goes all the way to the top, again this is all to help with Balance of the game and matchmaking whilst helping flesh out the research tree. The AML family of cars had a had a four-wheel drive chassis, a three-man crew. Its infinitely easier than "Revenge CAS" so to speak. Tiers are generally used to separate what era. 32 for a bomber crew and £5. 100 is max for boats, 75 is max for planes, 150 is max for tanks. They'll Repair Everything!: Reach the maximum level of Repair Speed and Repair Rank skills. For ground vehicles: Targeting to 2. The rate at which the aircraft is repaired in the hang and at the airfield. CollanderWT. planes are easier to skill for since you dump points into one pilot if you're a fighter, or you know, gunnery for bombers. . hi guys, been trying to find a guide on where to allocate bombers crew skills and all the guides seem to be outdated. Sep 9, 2022 @ 10:21am I didn't know the answer myself and. One EXTREMELY noticable way to try: Anti-aircraft guns. The Brewster F2A-1 buffalo was designed to replace the Grumman F3F biplane fighter. It can also engage anti-radiation missiles. One point on keen vision of each crew for starters, this skill only works when the crew member it's looking in the enemy tank direction. So loosing the match, despite getting a decent result. I focus more on gunner specific skills and weapon reloading then driving and finally feild repair/leadership. Level 4 and 5 planes will receive a 0 bonus. Trained crew: Up to 50% vehicle proficiency (each full bar is 10% for that particular skill) Expert crew: Up to 80% vehicle proficiency. you have separate skill "trees": ground vehicles, aircraft, and ships. Ground forces / Death 1. 3 (SB). 2. ago. The impact can be quite. See more-1°) Skill priority for an Air vehicle: G tolerance ( Pilot ): Allows you to withstand more Gs and therefore keep control of the aircraft during tighter manoeuvres. 0 (SB). every bit helps. There are only 2 things in game that makes you withstand G force. I got one skill point on one crew, for a five plane fly out, 8 air kills, 3 ground kills (including a destroyer) in a match we lost. The crew XP gives all of your crew members 1 level, this is very good as it improves accuracy of gunners and gives all your crew skills. Vitality. say my noob tier tank has xxx crew and I put points into x but the mid tier tank I upgrade to has x less crew and I've wasted points into some dude who isn't in the. Ages ago Gaijin put the crew training on sale and I purchased some. Always stop 5. It excels at low-altitude combat, where it can use its VTOL capabilities to surprise enemies. Mult1Core. . 3 queue. Driving (It makes your driver less likely to stall the tank) Medium priority. the distance at which an enemy can be seen while they are below or behind your aircraft. For aircraft: Pilot G tolerance and stamina, weapon maintenance. While it's true that some skills are more important than others, you need a certain amount of overall crew experience in order to get the Expert crew upgrade. 7. Ability to reset all invested crew xp points (for ~100 GE fee) so that you can re-prioritize skills. Example for an air crew: If your Keen vision stat is Level 5, you can see targets up to 6km away, if its Expert Crew, up to 7. What is what? What is important and why for which vehicles and modes? I hope I can answer those questions to yo. A-10A; A-10A Late; A-1H; A-20G-25; A-26B-10; A-26B-50. Adding qualifications this way gets you a massive increase to some important skills, and the first one only costs Lions, which are relatively easy to get. 2. There are 5 of them in total and today in this article, I will quickly explain. They will be paired with the vehicle you paired them with when that preset is active. Yeah if you are only going to use single crew member planes in that crew slot, the defensive armament tab is mostly a waste. It was introduced during Update 1. Merelian. . then weapon maintenance for rocket dispersion in ground rb. This is a subreddit for War Thunder, a cross platform vehicular combat MMO developed by Gaijin Entertainment for Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One and Xbox Series X|S. (IIRC) If you hover over the "Upgrade qualification to X" button it shows you the bonus applied (+3 for expert and +2 for ace). Let me know if you have any questions in the comments below. It’s best to shoot a explosive projectile (example: APHE, APCBC-HE, HE) into the middle of the crew compartment. First, have a "bomber crew slot". You need to be aggressive, but attack others from. Aircraft. I did. Damage control skills - Reload skills - Leadership - AA skills. It is a Soviet heavy tank that began development in 1945 under the project designation Object 260. 1 Leadership, Main caliber reload speed, Auxiliary caliber reload speed, Ship control, Breach repair, Fire extinguishing, Survive leadership. ago. Lifespan 2 min. Drogowit. This is definitely also possible to do, but also definitely slower than just doing air battles. The expert qualification cost is 590,000 SL. A War Thunder Preset is a configuration of all of your crews, some or all that have been paired with specific tanks. These can be how quickly aircraft are repaired by the ground crew on the airfield, how fast a. Still a #3 to-level skill for me. The IS-7 is the sixth variant of the IS heavy tank family. And getting up to even +3 will be quite slow. This thread is archived New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast Related Topics War Thunder MMO Action game Gaming comments sorted by Best. Any plane that lists a turret in its stats has a Gunner. planes are easier to skill for since you dump points into one pilot if you're a fighter, or you know, gunnery for bombers. ReplyThe Brewster F2A-1 buffalo was designed to replace the Grumman F3F biplane fighter. I shouldn't have to send 3-4 shots into the crew compartment to kill them when they can turn around and do the same with 1 shot from a same-caliber gun. Basically it is intended to destroy targets that long- and medium- range air defense systems failed to hit. The rest are perfectly fine with rank 2 + Expert crew. ). It increasingly costs more and more, more so than most other crew skills, and it is a skill you can get an extra +30 in because of the Expert Level. A right click on the slot will allow you to bring up the "Crew" menu, where you can allocate points you earn in games. The key to use the rangefinder can be bound in Controls > Ground Vehicles > Miscellaneous. Hello, air newbie here. G-Tolerance and Stamina. They're also limited in that target selection is by the AI, not the player. . Crew skills are much more important in tank RB than in air RB. Expert and Ace crews will add a bonus on top of whatever skill your crew already has (even at 'max', +5). Crew XP is equal to 3% of RP gained (in AB; it's only 1% in RB), so you can get about 800 crew XP points per match. Generally yes, it's a good skill, but it's not as important as the others imo. They feel like a…Like all members of the Harrier family, the Harrier GR. The link between the two is the RP required to progress through to level 100, and the lack of progression visible with crew levels. Or rammed by a friendly aircraft. gunner and pilot vitality for playing into EC. A War Thunder tutorial that explains how to grind Crew Slot levels and Tech Trees the fastest with and without premium vehicles, with and without premium tim. The remaining crew slots are usually for the radio operator and machine gunners. G-Force - if in fighters expecially, this is among the most important. As you can see AB is more profitable for earning crew points in general. It is focused on propeller fighters, as what I like most about War Thunder are the aerial combats. Pearl Harbor and Midway easily could have been much worse for the US, and probably done that. Arcade gives triple the amount of crew points from memory. The main differences between the 5 and 5N were the ability of the 5N to carry two 20 mm cannons and four 12. If my crew is occupied on a fighter plane,do I have to upgrade defensive arnaments? No, it only works for bombers, attackers or planes that have at least another crew member besides the pilot. You can detect planes at double the range and closer to the sun with these skills. The Tempest Mk V (Vickers P) is a rank II British strike aircraft with a battle rating of 3. 3. This means you could potentially face 6. ? Originally posted by SpiralRazor: IIRC they add +3 and +5 to all skills. #warthundertips #warthunderguide #warthundertricksWant to make YOUR tanks RELOAD FASTER and turn quicker? Got loads of Crew Skill points and don't know where. Because the first few points in each crew skill count the same for level as the last ones in each skill, but the first ones cost a lot less money, you can get the crew's level higher, faster, by investing in the gunnery skills even when you aren't using that crew for planes with turrets, and then in turn buy expert/ace on the planes you are. Remember, crew points are pooled per. This is one. That being said, you can imagine that it is counterproductive to train the crew as you described in your example, since you can get a higher average agility level by distributing the XP equally. At least to level 2, so you can take small caliber shots. It really isnt tho, if u use the same crew as you progress through the tree youll pretty easily be able to level your crew up enough. I can't find any skill guide online as most of the skill guides or descriptions are for Planes. and finally. Players will quickly find out that this plane is very durable, but somewhat slow and unwieldy. . The vehicle-based game has you take command of a ship, aircraft, or armored military vehicle from World War 2 to present day. As an example, if you select an officer from your crew with the Merchant skill before selecting the warehouse in port, the prices will drop by 25%. The first thing you want to max out is the reloading skill on your loader. This is a subreddit for War Thunder, a cross platform vehicular combat MMO developed by Gaijin Entertainment for Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One and Xbox Series X|S. Actually the 9. But no crew skill points. as been said by many people in the past 4+ year in every war thunder forum, a simple aircraft spawn limit would fix this CAS spamm. For ground RB youre probably better off just having 1-2 dedicated plane slots. . GameStop Moderna Pfizer Johnson & Johnson AstraZeneca Walgreens Best Buy Novavax SpaceX Tesla. Thus a short-range lead marker out to 1. You can also read about the history of famous vehicles. Once a certain crew level is. So if you've spent 100 crew xp points in pilot vitality for aircraft then you won't have 100 crew xp points to spend on tank skills. A fully skilled 7 plane hanger (5 fighters, 2 bombers) for instance would equate to. Should I prioritize by crew member or shared skill sets? Is working up leadership, gunnery, and driving over repairs, sight, and agility the better choice?. This means the total crew bonus is +10 (5 from crew points, 3 from expert and 2 from ace). Would you agree?The best skills to spend crew points on. Since you can have artillery support in medium tanks that do not have 5 members, the artillery bonus etc still apply. Yes. Repair (Very expensive as sum of all crew) Rangefinding (After a bit of experience you will never use it again) Crew switch (Very expensive as sum for all crew)Repair speed is more of a concern in AB, but is not a priority, upgrade it up to a point you feel confortable with. The beginning of the Closed Beta Test for the French Naval forces, new and updated graphical effects for flares, afterburners, rockets and missiles along with new hit marks on ground vehicles. When people talk about P2W, they never actually talk about crew…Seems like a reasonable place to ask this: Will we get the crew points back when tanks are reset at the end of the closed beta? On the official page it's only mentioned that golden eagles for crew training aren't gonna be refunded. War Thunder is a cross-platform military online game for Windows and Linux PC, Mac, PS4, PS5, Xbox One and Xbox Series X|S dedicated to combat aircraft, ground vehicles and naval forces. every time you get rp with a vehicle in that crew a % of that will be turned into crew experience points. 30% is obtained via expert (SL) and 20% via ace with playing (XP) or paying. 399K Members. If you let your planes repair for free this skill can shave 60% of the repair time. Because a crew shares their XP among ground/ air/ sea vehicles. Every aircraft player in War Thunder will eventually want their own jet plane at some point and for high-tier matches. No, aircraft and tanks have two different sets of crew skills. REMAKE: this video, I explain all the crew skills currently in the game. 35. In order: Max out first: leadership, reloading, targeting. 3 (AB/RB/SB). Description. but I've recently started playing tanks seriously and I'm not sure how to split it. There are other but those are usually some of the most common. Keen vision - (Max 1626) This skill affects the pilot’s visual range in the area visible from the cockpit; i. If you have a low crew level like 25 or less then no but if the crew level is over 60 then yes, as long as the skill poins that got the crew to a high level are relevent to the vehical. Would you agree?Each skill that can be upgraded is detailed more on the crew skills page. smittywjmj. 7 (RB), and 4. And if you don’t already I’d highly recommend getting at least 1 extra crew slot. Crew skills are something that every War Thunder player encounters pretty much as soon as they start to play the game. It was introduced in Update 1. The only thing is that investing crew points there allows you to reach the minimum overall crew level to buy ace/expert more quickly, because the first couple of notches of every crew skill are substantially cheaper than. Correct but to clarify qualification stays with the plane in that particalar crew slot. Higher rank tank cost more, but last longer (I tend to ace my modifications before changing tank). the same goes for crew skills, and your experience and in-game results don't matter. 91%. i. In the gunner skills, you'll want to invest a bit in "Experienced gunners" to have at least as. M10 has an awesome gun for its br, but very slow turret traverse. The guide is made casually from researching photos from the past and compiling them to depict the most. It was introduced in Update 1. Top. The repair rank skill is in the "Ground Crew" tab for aircraft, which I find. You don't want to put an SPAA on a slot thats skilled towards aircraft. if you have all your crewskills then it is your flying. I will go over. Yeah sure, we totally need a new way for wallet warriors to have yet another advantage over f2p users (or over users who don't spend $50 on the game every 6 months, which is kind of the same as being a f2p player anyway). Bomber crew skills help. Crew qualifications are an INCREDIBLY important part of making your vehicle as effective as possible in War Thunder, yet it isn't understood by everyone who. say my noob tier tank has xxx crew and I put points into x but the mid tier tank I upgrade to has x less crew and I've wasted points into some dude who isn't in the. Every crew gathers skill points individually, which means playing a vehicle in crew 1 will only result in crew points for crew 1. #3. #1. Since there haven't been any vehicle requests in the last few discussions, I thought it would be interesting to talk about something completely different this time. You just repair as you go, and getting your engine or guns back ASAP is a matter of highest importance. In this game mode you only have a fixed amount of money (106,055) to upgrade your plane and crew. Keen Vision The least useful. Skilling up your crew is vital to victory in the air. . The Folgore ("Lightning") is a solid plane for its battle rating, especially. 35km), and 1251m(1626m) for ground vehicles, the enemies will simply being 'undetectable' if it's beyond the crew skill limit, which your tank will then try to obtain it via the 'Radio Communication' skill, if none of the above provided you the. No, the Defensive armament is just for bomber gunners and does not benefit the pilot at all. Another +2 to (nearly) all skills for expert. . Would you agree?So i was wondering, what would be the most efficient way to spend points on crew skills? I've been told dumping points into their respective skills such as Driving/reloading etc and then on repair speed is the best bet. At most, getting the crew skills to their maximum will give a relative increase of +5 for each skill. Note that not all tanks have five crew members. Lower tanks cost nothing for expert crew, so I personally always do it. Ability to upgrade a crew to be able to be assigned 1 vehicle of each type (air, ground & naval) at the same time - huge improvement for everyone who switches between AB & RB or plays various combined arms game modes. 1 is a VTOL aircraft with thrust vectoring nozzles, which allow it to take off and land vertically. Black. All are skills you will use in RB. 7mm (especially if you get the post war AP-I belts) or very good 20mm, but American Planes are Heavy. Masterbacon117. Depends, usually go with reloading, followed by targeting. On what to look for to release the bomb. 53 "Firestorm" a range of important changes to crew skills will take place. 50% of the crew is obtained via playing (XP) or paying. Rudee66 • 8 yr. 2560x1440. One EXTREMELY noticable way to try: Anti-aircraft guns. Higher caliber weapons are usually hard to survive but this skill still comes in handy as it can help you survive a shot from the . It's pretty nice to upgrade once you've upgraded the most important specific skills for each crew member, otherwise it shouldn't be a priority. Correct. Just go to tech tree and choose crew. It was introduced in Update 1. 7 (AB) and 2. Ability to move the “Target Destroyed” notification. Here you can learn about the game mechanics and how to use the vehicles in virtual battles. Second. It later returned for purchase for Golden Eagles in Update "Red Skies". Each skill that can be upgraded is detailed more on the crew skills page. The T-80U is a rank VII Soviet medium tank with a battle rating of 11. ago. 2G, which is hardly helpful when I end up pulling 7G and higher during dogfights as any nation and prop/early jet planes, forcing me to stop a turn and fly in a straight line for a bit, but maybe I am missing something. Crew experience. 5/5 so your gunner can adjust in azimuth and elevation simultaneously, reloading, leadership. Unless it's a dedicated crew for planes with gunners, it's ok to spend it on gunners. + Repair rank 2 and repair speed 1 = 22 seconds airfield time + Repair rank 3 and repair speed 1. 0 - Spending Crew / Skill Points For Air Realistic DEFYN 83. Showing 1 - 7 of 7 comments. There’s a nice guide to skills on the War Thunder site that explains what each skill does. Basics. For tanks you need loading, targeting, leadership, driving, and range finding depending on the vehicle. Descriptions should include more informations. or the way planes seem to suddenly fill the sky when just a sec ago there was'nt none nearThe aircraft were there the entire time, your crew was just not good enough to see them. ; Navy. Dont fly as in AB when flying in RB that wont work. The crew levels and the skills are separate, but they draw from the same pool of points. Hello, This suggestion or something like it was not seen in the list of previous suggestions; SUGGESTION: Give the capability for a full reset of all crew XP on the player account (all crew slots), with high GE priced resets afterwards. (The slot you just emptyed) That should be it. At most, getting the crew skills to their maximum will give a relative increase of +5 for each skill. This isn't a skill debate. Description. So i was wondering, what would be the most efficient way to spend points on crew skills? I've been told dumping points into their respective skills such as Driving/reloading etc and then on repair speed is the best bet. 3 (RB/SB). 3)Recruit Crew-- get more crews for the given country. I go every single piece of information about crews and how to have the best crews possible. The second major obstacle is crew skill levels, with G-tolerance, vitality, weapon maintenance and reload time having the. And I believe wargaming has far higher total profits than WT even though their economy is more friendly, so the "gaijin has to make money it's not a charity. They're usually not worth it later on when your crew skills alone are adequate. 75 "La Résistance", the F3D-1 is a very capable aircraft that. Reloading is also worthwhile but it very quickly gets expensive to level. Or increase them while they are cheap if your crew level is insufficient to buy experts. . 7 - 2. You gain at least 20% of crew efficiency. I think this could be very useful in War Thunder for skill levels. Qualifications give +3 to all skills for a pretty reasonable SL price in the early tiers. 4. i don't really play aircraft or ships a lot so. Pilot. jaxjace Mar 5, 2020 @ 11:36pm. After a fight the crew starts to repair the plane, slowly, but it will repair. armymanaka360 Jul 15, 2021 @ 1:08am. Zep_Dako. Bomber crew skills help. AB (regardless of air, ground or naval battles) For every 100 RP you earn with a vehicle you get 3 crew points. German AA is fantastic access all BR. Leadership will also slightly improve all crew skills overall. The Instructor: Prevents the wing from moving to a critical angle of attack, thus preserving lift. High priority. A huge impact to your skill is the last tab, where you can increase the level for that crew on a particular plane. ago. Very simple skin with invasion stripes on the wings and tail using a slightly darkened version of the A-20's green skin. This is a subreddit for War Thunder, a cross platform vehicular combat MMO…That game has certain huge issues (aircraft carriers and submarines) but only a complete fool would prefer war thunder's p2w 0. 200 GE is fairly cheap for how useful an extra vehicle is. Tank Loader - Weapon Reloading. For aircraft you wanna go for G limit and stamina as well as reload/repair speed and rank. Imo you should definitely focus on maxing out loader. But generally, driving, reload, aiming and field repairs. ago. In War Thunder update 1. Reload speed isn't worth it when you don't have a lot of crew points to mess with; it simply isn't a priority other than why I stated above. 2km away, and Ace Crew is up ti 8km away. Increases the traverse speed of a turret, increases the maximum burst. Firstly yes they do make a difference, I upgraded my tank crew in realistic battle to lvl 868, my reload times are fantastic, my crew survival rate is amazing and my recovery is very good. . One of these changes will be to the way in which players can see how skills actually affect their crew. In air-to-air combat, the F3D-1 can hold its own with its good turn rate and four M3 cannons mounted in the nose. This means only planes up to level 3 will get that maxed repair speed bonus. so in the end it doesnt make big difference for my gameplay. (Higher level aircraft require crew levels above 20 to be able to expert/ace it) yes but im using aircraft with only one crew member, theres no need for a gunner. Tod. The production F3D-1 received a few changes such as better engines (J-34-WE-34) and gained around 5,000 lbs (2,267 kg) in weight. 7. I go over everything from the complicated to the simple, including crew interchangeability to reload speeds. I’ve been playing various helicopters for a while and I’ve begun to accumulate a quite a few crew skill points. CanUPlsUninstall. At which point you've already done something wrong. The JASDF had plans to select a. The best skills to spend crew points on first are vitality, precision, and accuracy. Vitality, weapon maintenance, stamina and G tolerance. 3 tanks with your 3. It allows them to take more hits. 91 R/4 is a premium rank V Italian jet fighter with a battle rating of 8. All Discussions. The М53/59 Praga is a Czechoslovak wheeled SPAAG developed in the late 1950s on the chassis of the Praga V3S truck. Has a total of five stages corresponding with the number of vehicle ranks in the game. Vitality, agility, range finding (if you can't look at a target in your scope and automatically know the ranging), radio communication and the two artillery ones would come next. Remove the old vehicle you want to change out.